Generally, hypothyroidism is diagnosed with laboratory tests that measure the level of thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is responsible for causing the thyroid to increase production of thyroid hormone. In cases of hypothyroidism caused by problems with the thyroid gland itself, the TSH level will be elevated while the level of thyroid hormone is reduced. This reflects the body's attempts to stimulate the thyroid to secrete more hormone.
Hypothryoidism is also frequently classified into subclinical hypothyroidism and overt hypothyroidism. In cases of subclinical hypothryoidism, the level of TSH is elevated but the level of thyroid hormone may be normal. These patients may have only very slight symptoms or none at all. In overt hypothyroidism, TSH will be elevated and thyroid hormone levels are depressed. These patients are likely to have symptoms and signs consistent with hypothyroidism.
The majority of people with hypothyroidism will need to take manufactured versions of natural thyroid hormones for the rest of their lives to relieve their symptoms and to avoid serious long–term consequences. These consequences include a greater risk for hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis), heart disease, heart attack, high blood pressure (hypertension), stroke, respiratory problems and anemia.
About hypothyroidism
Also known as “underactive thyroid,” hypothyroidism is a disorder in which the thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormone to meet the body's needs. It is much more common than hyperthyroidism, in which too much thyroid hormone is produced.
